Marble Powder As A Partial Replacement Of Sand - 1454 Words

V. CONCLUSION From the test results it is clearly evident that granite powder as a partial replacement of sand proves to be beneficial when Durability properties of Concrete is considered. Durability of Concrete using Granite Fines is almost same as that of reference mix (GF0), However at 30% replacement compared to other proportions yielded better durability. VI. REFERENCES 4) Banthia. N and Sheng.J (1991): Durability of carbon fibre Reinforced cements in Acidic environments, AC1-SP 126, pp 836-850. 5) Bahoria B.V., Parbat, D.K., and Naganaik, P.B (2013): Replacement of Natural Sand in Concrete by waste products: A state of Art, Journal of Environment Research and development, V 17, April-June 2013, PP 1651-1656. 6) BS 12: 1978: Ordinary and Rapid-Hardening Portland cement British, Standards Institution, London. 7) BabooRai, Khan Naushad, H., Abhishek l, TabinRashid,S and Duggal, S.K (2011): Influence of marble powder/ granites in concrete mix, International Journal of civil and structural Engineering, Vol 1, pp 827-834. 8) BaharDemitrel (2010): The effect of the using waste marble dust as fine sand on the mechanical properties of concrete, International journal of physical sciences, Vol 5, August, pp 1372-1380. 9) Bouzian, Tayeb, BenmounahAbdelbaki, BerderinaMadani and Lamara Mohamed (2011): Effect of marble powder on the properties of self-compacting sand concrete, the open construction and building technology journal, vol 5, pp 25-29. 10) Caijunshi and stegemann,Show MoreRelatedNatural Sand And Granite Powder970 Words   |  4 PagesNatural Sand which is used as a construction material is becoming scarce now-a-days and state governments are imposing restriction on unlimited excavation of Natural sand from river beds. This has made prices of Natural sand reach its peaks. Now there is every need for a suitable replacing material for Natural sand. An attempt is made in this context to replace natural sand by Granite fines by adopting M20 Grade concrete with a mix design of 1: 1.73: 3.1 of cement: Natural sand Granite Powder : GravelRead MoreThe Waste Of Stone Waste1785 Words   |  8 Pagesproduction. Therefore, the search for cost effective processes in the manufacture of existing building materials and substitutes for these will assume a special significance. The waste generated during the cutting and polishing process of stone like marble/granite/kotastone is called stone waste. Accumulation of unmanaged wastes especially in developing countries like India has resulted into increasing environmental concern. Some attempts have been made to find and asses the possibilities of usingRead MoreHypo Sludge9275 Words   |  38 PagesPRODUCTION OF CONCRETE A Project Study Presented to the Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental amp; Sanitary Engineering College of Engineering, Architecture, Fine Arts amp; Computing Sciences Batangas State University Batangas City In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering By: Belegal, Adrian M. Kano, Marikar A. Lising, Jerick A. October 2012 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES iv CHAPTER I 1 INTRODUCTIONRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesconclusion indicator (without replacement), and rewrite the following argument as a single sentence. Ever since the inflationary spiral ended, state taxes have been high. State farm subsidies will therefore continue to rise. 13. Is the word suppose working as a premise indicator in the following? I suppose youre right that the New York Giants have a better passing game than the L.A. Rams. 14. Add a premise indicator, remove the conclusion indicator (without replacement), and rewrite the following

Implementation of Fishers Model in the Supply Chain...

Introduction Market globalization, intensifying competition and an increasing emphasis on customer orientation are regularly cited as catalyzing the surge in interest in supply chain management. Against this backdrop, effective supply chain management is treated as key to building a sustainable competitive edge through improved inter and intra-firm relationships (Seuring et al 2003). A range of benefits has been attributed to supply chain management, including reduced costs, increased market share and sales, and solid customer relations (Langabeer 2007). There is one paper which presents a major contribution to the field of supply chain management and this is Fisher’s What is the right supply chain for your product?†¦show more content†¦To battle this challenge, the company is using an accurate response model which is a good example of implementation of a responsive supply chain strategy. The model tells the company exactly how much of each style to make early in the production season. This approach has cut the costs of both overproduction and underproduction in half-enough to increase profits by 60%. Implementation of Fisher’s model, therefore, includes three basic steps. Determine the nature of your product, decide about your supply chain priorities, and as a last step, employ a matrix to formulate the ideal supply chain strategy. A critique of Fisher’s model As Seuring et al (2003) state, the Fisher’s paper has influenced the supply chain literature in a great extent. While reference is more often made to the supply chain dimension and the separation of responsive and efficient supply chain, the product related dimension also played an important role in the development of further concepts. This influence can be primarily seen by the number of subsequent papers that build upon it. These papers have analyzed Fisher’s model from the different angles and pointed out some weaknesses and limitation of this approach. A critique of the model as it appears in the presented assignment will be therefore built on three main approaches. The first one is an empirical test of the model which hasShow MoreRelatedSupply Chain for Competitive Advantage5791 Words   |  24 PagesCROCS: REVOLUTIONIZING AN INDUSTRY’S SUPPLY CHAIN FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BHOOSHAN PARIKH CBS FTMBA 2008-09 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER 3/16/2009 Case Study This paper analyses and discusses the supply chain process of Crocs Inc. in a competitive and dynamic footwear industry. The paper critically evaluates the existing supply chain of the company against its current performance and changing market conditions and explains reasons for loss of competitive advantage of the companyRead MoreLearning from the Fashion Industry: a Structured Literature Review39302 Words   |  158 PagesCRANFIELD UNIVERSITY ELEFTHERIA DIMITRAKOU LEARNING FROM THE FASHION INDUSTRY: A STRUCTURED LITERATURE REVIEW CRANFIELD CENTRE FOR LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT MSc THESIS CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY CRANFIELD SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT CRANFIELD CENTRE FOR LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT MSc THESIS Academic Year 2006-2007 ELEFTHERIA DIMITRAKOU Learning from the Fashion Industry: A Structured Literature Review Supervisor: Dr. Chris Morgan August 2007 This thesis isRead MoreHand Hygeine Research Papaer6466 Words   |  26 Pagesmost important means of preventing the risk of transmission of microorganisms from person to person or object to person or from one site on a patient to another (de Almeida et el. 2012). Breaking one of the triangles legs in communicable disease chain is the main purpose of hand washing and hand hygiene, and this is achieve by disrupting the connection between host and the agent or between agent and the environment. Hand washing and hand hygiene prevent spread of infection by interfering, removesRead MoreTeaching Notes Robert Grant - Strategy 4th Edition51665 Words   |  207 PagesFrozen Food Industry 109 1 CONTENTS 13 14 15 16 Euro Disney: From Dream to Nightmare, 1987–94 116 Richard Branson and the Virgin Group of Companies in 2002 125 General Electric: Life After Jack 131 AES Corporation: Rewriting the Rules of Management 139 2 Introduction This new edition of Cases in Contemporary Strategy Analysis has been developed to accompany the fourth edition of the textbook Contemporary Strategy Analysis. A key feature of the Casebook is its close integration withRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesis an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S.Read MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 Pagesthe problem of the coordination of strategic choices between independent players in non-cooperative games cooperative games and their place within the literature of games incentive and the implementation of a collective decision in gametheoretic modeling team games and the implications for ï ¬ rms’ management. The nature of the subject and the angle from which it is examined will ensure that Game Theory and Economic Analysis reaches a wide readership. As an established scholar in the area of

N Africa Block Of Islam - 1405 Words

n Africa block of Islam that is estimated at being the fourth largest community of Muslims in the world. Out of 4,600,000 inhabitants there are less than 2,000 followers of Christ that exist within their ranks, making this group of Christians less than 0.05% of the population. With the majority of Kanuri being Orthodox Sunni Muslims, and having a strong belief in their Muslims faith stand to reason why 0 percent are evangelized this is the finding of various studies and information gather about the Kanuri. Whereas, from these studies some information lead to several things that need to be taken into considered in the attempt to convert the Kanuri people to Christianity: 1. The Kanuri are said to be a primitive people. They have very little access to modern technology. They live strictly of what they grow and sell themselves. 2. The literacy rate of Kanuri is very low; Base of on this low rate they are dependent on oratorical communication. Only ten percent of the population can read, because of this disability they learning comes from storytelling in order to pass down traditions and knowledge. 3. Region has weather conditions much like many that live in the rain forests. The Kanuri people sees only two seasons, and they are wet/rainy season if not that then drought. Due to the poor quality of the roads where the Kanuri live, it is nearly impossible to travel on them during the rainy seasons. However, the dry season, is the best time to travel to visit theShow MoreRelatedA Girl Stands At The Gate Of The Happiest Place1601 Words   |  7 Pagescountries usually change for the better. Transitional justice mechanisms, the steps that a government will take to democratically recognize human rights violations and pay tribute to the victims of such violence, help to usher in a more just future. South Africa successfully used several mechanisms to transition from apartheid to democracy; Iran’s futile attempt to transform from an out-of-touch monarchy to an oppressive democracy only affected the implication of the government. For a long time, IraniansRead MoreEssay on A Comparison of Christian and Islamic Architecture in Spain1081 Words   |  5 Pagesand soon built upon a new style that ended up in northern Spain. Over time, Spanish architecture has become a blend of both Islamic and Christian styles, the northern parts influenced more by Christianity and the southern by Islam. When the Moors, Islamic followers from Africa came into and conquered many of the previous Christian regimes that had been set up, they brought a new style of art with them. The southern portion of Spain, called Islamic Spain, occupied most of the land from the year 711Read MoreEffect of Different Levels of Nitrogen Applied as Foliar Spray on the Yield of Mature Tea Under Different Agro-Ecological Conditions3010 Words   |  13 Pages Submitted for further necessary action please. Sd/- Shamsul Islam) SO, NTRI Managing Editor, Directorate of Publication, PARC EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN APPLIED AS FOLIAR SPRAY ON THE YIELD OF MATURE TEA UNDER DIFFERENT AGRO-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. Shamsul Islam*,Qamar-uz-Zaman*,Fayaz Ahmad*, Sohail Aslam* ,Sajjad Hussain* and F.S.Hamid* ABSTRACT Read MoreWhy Are Democratic Countries And The Middle East / North Africa?2671 Words   |  11 Pagesdifferent regions, the challenge lies within finding an appropriate approach ensuring as accurate and valid results as possible. Thus, having chosen Europe and the Middle-East/North Africa as areas of comparison the PACL/DD measure appears to be the most feasible approach as investigating regions require a method enabling a â€Å"Large-N – study†. In addition, to further strengthen the conclusion, the essay will include a comparative analysis (MSSD) of four countries of choice, applying the results from the PACL/DDRead MoreDiscuss with examples how the English Language has changed over time.2353 Words   |  10 Pagesas early as 1200, the three or four grammatical case forms of nouns in the singular had been reduced to two, and to denote the plural, the noun ending - es had been adopted. The declensions of the noun were further simplified by dropping the final n from five cases. Also, by neutralizing all vowel endings to e, which sounded like the a in Modern English sofa, and by extending the masculine, nominative, and accusative plural ending as, which were later neutralized also to es. Only oneRead MoreTerrorism in Southeast Asia17760 Words   |  72 Pagescooperate with the U.S. antiterrorist campaign. Despite mutual interests in combating terrorism, Southeast Asian governments have to balance these security concerns with domestic political considerations. Although proponents of violent, radical Islam remain a very small minority in Southeast Asia, many governments view increased American pressure and military presence in their region with concern because of the political sensitivity of the issue with both mainstream Islamic and secular nationalistRead MoreSocio-Economic and Political Dimensions of Conflict4145 Words   |  17 Pagespeaceful co-existence of individuals and groups. Conversely, non-attainment of these conditions is the precursor of disputes, disagreements and violent agitations, the end product of which is social conflict. In the light of the foregoing, Ibenwa C. N. posits that conflict is ontologically rooted in human insatiable and often incompatible needs. The denial of these needs, the author further stated, makes resolvable conflicts to degenerate into violent agitations or armed conflict. Essentially, conflictRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 Pagesand feel that the pace of change has been too fast. Indeed, only 40 years ago the emirates economy was based predominmtly on gold hradirrg and fishing. lg During this period, people lived much more simply, with a greater emphasis on tradition and Islam. Some nationals are concerned about the loss of this way of life that the shift toward greater globalization has caused.20 For example, commentators have observed that calling Ramadan in Dubai commercialized is to politely but grossly understateRead MoreTan Sri Syed Mokhtar Al Bukhary3717 Words   |  15 PagesUniform Assistance to poor students   n) Albukhary Chair at the Faculty of Architecture and Environmental Design, IIUM   o) Building Islamic Arts Museum (the largest museum in Southeast Asia featuring Islamic artwork)   p) Building and repairing mosques like Masjid Negara, Masjid Kapitan Keling, Penang and Albukhary Mosque, Jalan Hang Tuah, Kuala Lumpur   q) Construction of Al-Quran Institute, Kuala Lumpur   r) The contribution for the construction of the Tower Block, Wawasan Open University, Penang   s)Read MoreAn Article On Earth Essay10094 Words   |  41 PagesThe Blue Marble photograph of Earth, taken by the Apollo 17 lunar mission. The Arabian peninsula, Africa and Madagascar lie in the upper half of the disc, while Antarctica is at the bottom. The Blue Marble photograph of Earth, taken during the Apollo 17 lunar mission in 1972. Orbital characteristics Epoch J2000[n 1] Aphelion 151930000 km (1.01559 AU) [n 2] Perihelion 147095000 km (0.9832687 AU) [n 2] Semi-major axis 149598261 km (1.00000261 AU) [1] Eccentricity 0.01671123[1] Orbital period 365

Informative Speech on Dreams free essay sample

Credibility Statement) have done a lot of research on the topic of Dream Interpretation and find that it varies from person to person. Some believe that a dream stems from a collaboration of your everyday experiences and past memories. Whereas others believe it is the brains way of getting excess memory out of the brain and that this is crucial for proper brain function. V. (Relevancy Statement) Dream interpretation is important for everyone because being able to analyze the information in your own dreams can allow you to solve problems in reality. V. (Preview) Today I am going to talk about Dream interpretation. It is important because it allows us to see what a dream is, to find significance in our dreams, and to face our subconscious problems. BODY 1. 1m sure most, if not all of you have experienced what it is like to dream. But what exactly is a dream? To define a dream, we first must define sleep. Sleep is the most important aspect of dreaming, without sleep you cannot dream. 1. There are two specific parts of sleeping. In an an Article called Dreaming by Todays Dreaming they talk about the two types of sleep. There is Synchronized or Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep where there are little to no reports of dreaming. The econd type of sleep is Desynchronized, dreaming or rapid eye movement sleep. This type of sleep causes your eyes to move rapidly, your autonomic nervous system to be activated, and for you to dream. The average person has five cycles of rapid eye movement sleep and dreams are had in intervals of about 90 minutes. What is interesting, is that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes (Dreaming). 2. In an article called Biology ot Sleep by Marvin Rosen, ne snows a study by Nathaniel Kleitman and Eugene Aserinksky at Stanford University in 1953 that proves that subjects are sleeping while in Rapid Eye movement sleep. They saw that after about an hour of sleep, the subjects eyes would move rapidly back and forth, and the subjects would awaken and tell them they were dreaming. Hence this stage of sleep being called rapid eye movement sleep. (Biology of Sleep) B. Coming from a Biology major I always find it interesting to learn what happens when we are awake and what parts of our brains are active, but it is even more interesting to see what is active when we are asleep and dreaming. 1. In Rosens article Biology of sleep he recognizes the parts of the brain that are used during Rapid eye movement sleep. He states, .. hat we see when we dream are modifications of what we see when we are awake. Which suggests that the parts of your brain that are active when youre awake, are also active when you are dreaming. It has been shown in tests that the visual cortex, the part of the brain responsible for vision, is firing during sleep. Presumably, this is why we have visual imagery in dreams. The only thing that seems to be different is that without being awake there is no perception of time which is why some dreams can seem to last hours, when in reality they are only lasting a few seconds. (Biology of Sleep). a. In Rosens article he shows that not only is the auditory cortex used but the limbic system is also used. The limbic system lies at the innermost edge of the cerebral hemispheres. Part of the limbic system is the hippocampus, which is the key for storing memories. Without the hippocampus short term memories would be lost as if someone forgot to press save on a computer file. b. Durin g Rapid eye movement sleep, certain cells in the brain stem produce a brain wave pattern called Theta Rhythm, which is is necessary for memory processing in the hippocampus. If the body is moving then Theta waves cannot be produced so the ody is actually paralyzed when we sleep except for our eyes which do not interfere with Theta waves. When these waves are being produced during Raped Eye Movement sleep, memories are being reprocessed, which is why memories are the content of our dream. 2. The limbic system also includes the amygdala(Amig- Dalah) which is the part of the brain responsible for emotions. In an Article called Scientists Discover Why Dreams Are So Weird they state During REM sleep, the mens brains showed the most activity in the limbic system, a primitive part of the brain that governs emotion. Meanwhile, ittle activity was seen in the frontal lobes. The frontal lobes help sort out and give meaning to information from the senses. According to the researchers, this unequal activity might explain why dreams can be so intense, yet so illogical. It may also explain why dreams do not seem strange to the dreamer while they are happening (Scientists Discover Why Dreams Are So Weird) (Without your REM cycle, your limbic system including your hippocampus and amygdala and your visual and auditory cortexs you wouldnt be able to have a solid dream. TRANSITION: Now that we saw what functions in the brain during a dream we can etter understand the significance behind why we dream. II. We must dream for some important reason, well what is that reason? A. There are many theories as to why we dream, however some theories more prevalent than others. 1. Sigmund Freud is a famous psychologist with many different theories about the brain, some of those theories pertain to dreaming. Freuds theor y is a good example behind why we dream and how it is important to our lives. He studied his own dream and his patients dreams and was convinced that dreams were a valid method for uncovering repressed thoughts and feelings, isguising the latent content (Rosen, Marvin). a. There are two things about dream content that was important to Freud. The dream events which he called manifest content and the true meaning of the symbol is latent content. Freud believed that the latent content would camouflage itself using symbols, metaphors, condensation of images, words that combine two or more meanings, and displacement of one image by another. Rosen, Marvin) b. When Freud would analyze his dreams he found that many symbols were the same in different patients. For example, Kings and Queens stood for the subjects parents. However, he did not want people to think that these symbols always meant the same thing for everyone. Symbols always vary, depending on who is having the dream. (Rosen, Marvin). 2. Other psychologists believe that we dream to un-clutter the brain. The y believe that during Rapid eye movement sleep it increases protein synthesis in the central nervous system for the development of memory and learning. Pollak, Charles P. , Michael J. Thorpy, and Jan Yager) Like I said before Theta waves are produced while in Rapid Eye movement sleep which is necessary for memories to be stored in the hippocampus. Dreaming occurs at the same time that Theta waves are being produced. In essence, we can assume that dreaming helps to store memories and to learn because they are happening at the same time. B. What do we need to dream? 1 . We observed that dreaming could either be to release subconscious thoughts or to un-clutter the brain to help us remember things. But what if someone is blind? The same theories can still be applied, although someone is blind they will dream but they do not have images in their dreams like someone who can see. Instead they have auditory dreams, which is still included in helping to remember things. People who are were blind from a young age are said to still have images in their dreams. Their dreams are helping them remember what they used to be able to see. a. scientists also did studies on sleeping patients where they would speak to them to see if what they said showed up in their dreams. They would splash water on them, and the would flash bright lights over their eyes. Less than 50% of all their tests showed up in their test subjects dreams. However, they realized that whatever the test subject sees, hears, and feels right before they are asleep they are more likely to dream about that. 2. Then there is emotion which is involved in our dreams. The emotion exhibited in our dreams depends on the gender, and personality of the subject. However, on average men are more likely to have more aggressive dreams that take part outside, while women have dream that are more passive and take part inside. There is not a hard fact as to why dreams are significant, however they are highly educated guesses. Freud believes that most of the things in our dreams are symbols that metaphorically represent something in our real lives, while other scientists believe dreaming is getting rid of information in order to store new memories. TRANSITION: If Freud is correct in that what we see in our dreams has meaning to our lives, then we would be able to face our subconscious problems Just by analyzing our dreams. Ill. How could we face our subconscious problems from reliving a dream? A. Both of these examples are from Rosens article Theories of dreams and Application in Psychotherapy. Studies done on patients and their dreams shows us how we can find meaning in our dreams and then fix the problem that it relates too in reality. 1. Freud did a study on a girl named Dora, she was 17 years old and she lived in Vienna. Doras family was wealthy. Her father, who owned a factory, had recently recovered from a serious illness. During this time, the family became friendly with another couple, Mr. and Mrs. K. Mrs. K had nursed Doras father during his illness, and he was very grateful to her. Mrs. K was very kind to Dora and sometimes gave her expensive gifts. Sometimes Dora stayed at their home. Dora related a dream to Freud. She had experienced the same dream four times: A house was on fire. My father was standing beside my bed and woke me up. I dressed myself quickly. Mother wanted to stop and save her Jewel case, but father said: l will not let myself nd my two children be burnt for the sake of your Jewel case. We hurried downstairs and as soon as I was outside, I woke up. When questioned about the dream, Dora reported, Father was having a dispute witn mother in the last tew days, because sne locks the dining room at night. My brothers room, you see, has no separate entrance, but can only be reached through the dining room. Father does not want my brother to be locked in like that at night. He says it will not do; something might happen in the night so that it might be necessary to leave t he room. Dora associated the figure f her father in the dream with an earlier incident, when she had been staying with Mr. and Mrs. K. She awakened one night to find Mr. K standing over her bed. The next night, she found a key and locked her room, but soon after, the key was missing. She believed that Mr. K had taken it and feared that Mr. K would again come into her room. She dressed herself quickly each morning. After several days, she demanded that her father take her home. Dora also recalled an earlier incident at age 14 when Mr. K had kissed her, leaving Dora with a feeling of disgust. Freud saw a connection between Doras statements that she woke up once she got ut of the house in her dream. This was an expression of her thought that she would get no sleep until she is out of the house. Another important element in the dream was the Jewel case. Dora related an incident in which her father had given her mother an expensive bracelet. Her mother had wanted something different and in anger told her husband to give it to someone else. Dora, who overheard the argument, and craved her fathers attention, would have accepted the bracelet with pleasure. Freud explained the dream to Dora in this way: . The meaning of the dream is now becoming clearer. You said to yourself, This an (Mr. K) is persecuting me; he wants to force his way into my room. if anything happens, it will be Fathers fault For that reason, in the dream, you chose a situation that expresses the opposite†a danger from which your father is saving you. Freud believed that dreams express infantile wishes. In this case, Dora had strong feelings for her father and wanted to give him the love her mother withheld. The wish for her father was even more threatening to Dora than her fear of Mr. K and had to be kept unconscious. Dora was able to confront both Mr. and Mrs. K. Mr. K admitted his misconduct. Mrs. K admitted to having an affair with Doras father. Dora was vindicated. Her family severed relations with the KS. Doras symptoms disappeared. She was later able to give up her infantile wishes for her father and to marry. (Rosen, Marvin) (l will be summarizing this, I am not going to state this word for word but this is an important example to why Freuds theory might be correct. 2. Although Doras case is severe this could be the case with many of you, I created a dream in the beginning of the speech referring to a fire that was burning down your room. You could ask yourself how to analyze this situation for yourself? If this was my dream, I could assume that what ever is in my room are stressors in my life and that I would like for them to all go away but I started crying because I know they are simultaneously important to me. But remember that each analyzation varies on who is having the dream is. B. Fritz Perls created e es t theory which in a way is similar to Freuds theory. He also saw meaning behind what we see in dreams but he believed that we could find the meaning by ourselves. 1 . His theory suggests that his patients should act out their dream and they do not need anyone to tell them what it means. He believed if they acted it out for themselves they would better understand the roles of the symbols in their dreams. For example: A woman receiving gestalt therapy reported the following dream in the present tense: I have three monkeys in a cage†one big monkey and two little ones. I feel very attached to these monkeys, although they are creating a lot of chaos in a cage that is divided into three separate spaces. They are fghting with one another. The big monkey is fighting with the little monkey. They are getting out of the cage, and they are clinging onto me. I feel like pushing them away from me. I feel totally overwhelmed by the chaos that they are creating around me. I turn to my mother and tell her that I need help, that I can no longer handle these monkeys because they are driving me crazy. I feel very sad and very tired, and I feel discouraged. I am walking away from the cage thinking that I really love these monkeys, yet I will have to get rid of them. I am telling myself that I am like everyone else. I get pets, and then when things get rough I want to get rid of them. I am trying very hard to find a solution to keeping these monkeys and not allowing them to have such a terrific effect on me. Before I wake up from my dream, I am making the decision to put each monkey in a separate cage, and maybe that is the way to keep them. The therapist asked the client to become each of the parts of her dream, each monkey as well as the cage. She realized that the dream expressed a conflict she was having with her husband and her two children. She recognized that she both loved and resented her family. She needed to have a dialogue with her family and express her conflicting feelings. The family needed to learn to communicate better and try to improve their relationships. No interpretation by the therapist was necessary for the oman to reach these conclusions. (Rosen, Marvin) 2. 1f you act out each individual part of the dream you can figure out what each part of the dream means. (Whether you have a psychologists giving you the answers or you are acting the dream out yourself, you will be able to find a deeper meaning to most if not all of your dreams. CONCLUSION Dream interpretation is important because it allows us to see the historical values behind what a dream is, to find significance in our dreams, and to face our subconscious problems. We have learned that a dream is a natural part of our brains ound in the limbic system, that the symbols in our dreams represent different things in our awakened state, and that there are ways to determine the meaning of what we dream about. T here will only ever be theories as to why the human body exhibits dreams in the first place, however, they will always be important to fguring out who we are as people. Annotated Bibliography Dreaming. Todays Science. Infobase Learning, Web. 24 Oct. 2013. This is a short article written by a collaboration of people by a company named Todays Science. Their main goal was to describe the pattern of sleep a human goes hrough during the night. This cycle is called NREM and REM, non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement. They mostly describe what happens during sleep because without sleeping you could not dream. Dreaming occurs during the rapid eye movement cycle of your sleep which is about 90 minutes into your sleeping cycle. Pollak, Charles P. , Michael J. Thorpy, and Jan Yager. dreams. Health Reference Center. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 24 Oct. 2013. These authors talked about dreams and how they lead up from history until recent times. They talked about dreams dating from the bible and how they were even important then. They talk about the sleep cycle and how it includes REM and without REM you could not have dreams. They also brought up different scientists theories in which they believed that dreams eliminate unwanted information from the central nervous system. Dreaming may be important in un-cluttering the brain so that new information can be more easily retained in memory. They talk about different types of dreaming such as lucid dreaming, nightmares and night terrors. They also talk a small amount about the sleep disorder narcolepsy. Rosen, Marvin. Biology of Sleep. Health Reference Center. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 24 Oct 2013. The author Marvin Rosen describes the brain like a computer. He starts off by comparing the human brain to a microchip and that no one actually thinks about what is happening inside the microchips when a computer is working. The same goes for our brains, and no one actually thinks about what is going on while we sleep or while we dream it Just happens. He defines sleep, the R. E. M. cycles that happen during and he also talks about a brief history of the study of sleep and dreaming. He explains why we sleep, saying that it is a break time for the brain to eview all the information during the wakened state. He also talks about why we dream and that is necessary because provide the brain with stimulation that is required to develop and preserve the brains nerve pathways. This theory is supported by the fact that infants, whose brains are rapidly developing, spend most of their time in REM sleep. Rosen, Marvin. Theories of dreams and application in psychotherapy. Health Reference Center. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 24 Oct. 2013. The author, Marvin Rosen, elaborately describes the sleep cycle in order for the reader to understand the concept of the Dream. He uses various examples from different psychologists including Sigmund Freud, Fritz Perls, and Carl Jung. Each of these men had a different standpoint on Dream analysis and the way the brain works to compute a dream. Freud believed that there was deeper, metaphorical meanings to the images and sounds in your dreams, Perls believed that there was also meaning except that dreams were basic enough for most everyone to understand the underlying meaning, and Jung believed that the images in dreams were passed down from generations through the nervous system.